American Values
The American College of National Security Leaders is proud to announce the creation of the American Norms and Values working group. American values, such as liberty, individualism, diversity, social justice, and equality, are admired by people worldwide, and they influence change in the internal affairs of nations that adopt sound mores and laws to emulate our own. One such norm, America’s role in the development of, respect for, adherence to, and confidence in the rule of law, is a foundation of its leadership in the world. The working group will study the influence that an increasingly interconnected world has on American democracy, our values, and norms; and how this influence may affect our standing in the world and our overall National Security. More specifically, how internal and external actors contribute in defining the future of the American Way of Life.
We invite you to read through a detailed list of our working group’s guiding themes and principles below:
Democracy
Contribution of American Values to Democracy and America’s Standing in the World
Social Norms Protect and Define the American Way of Life
Law and Ethics in Peacetime and Wartime
ACNSL Publications – American Values
ACNSL Op-Eds – American Values
American Norms and Values Working Group
Chair
Steven Lepper, Maj. Gen., USAF
Members
Ambassador Barbara Stephenson
Virginia Bennett, FSO
Thomas Countryman, SES
Rick Devereaux, Maj. Gen., USAF
Paul D. Eaton, MG, USA
Mari K. Eder, MG. USA
Karen H. Gibson, LtG, USA
Kevin Green, VADM, USN
Jan Hamby, RADM, USN
Len Hering, RADM, USN
Richard Holwill, Ambassador
Jimmy Kolker, Ambassador
Mike Kraft, SES
Frederick Martin, Maj. Gen., USAF
Carlos Martinez, Brig. Gen., USAFR
Don McGregor, Maj. Gen., USAF
Annie Pforzheimer, FSO
Gale S. Pollock, MG, USA
Charles Ray, Ambassador
Lewis S. Roach, BG, USA
Doug Silliman, Ambassador
Guy Walsh, Brig. Gen., USAF
Peggy Wilmoth, MG, USA
Stephen Xenakis, BG, USA
The US Military Has Failed Latinos
SEPTEMBER 27, 2022
Hispanics represent less than 3 percent of the highest ranks of the US military. Air Force veteran Carlos E. Martinez reveals the pattern of missteps that has allowed that underrepresentation to be perpetuated.
grew up in Miami. I joined the Air Force in 1971, attended Officer Training School, and then received my pilot wings in 1973. After ten years of active duty, I left active duty to join the Air Force Reserve. In 2001, I was selected for promotion to brigadier general and joined the ranks of less than a handful of other Hispanic flag officers. Soon thereafter, several other Hispanics were selected for positions as generals.
When I retired in 2006, I thought that that trend was going to continue, that more and more Hispanics would ascend to high-ranking leadership positions. But as it turns out, it was a short-lived phenomenon.
Today, while Hispanics constitute about 18 percent of the US population and a comparable percentage of our military, Hispanics constitute only 8 percent of the officer corps and less than 3 percent of flag ranks (the most senior level of the military). That’s why I became active in the Hispanic Veterans Leadership Alliance (HVLA) and now proudly serve as its vice president.
“While we recognize the continuing need to provide greater opportunities for African Americans, we are also keenly aware that we live in a constrained resource environment, and so providing funding for one group and not another is to discriminate against the other group.”
Through HVLA, we have actively engaged senior leaders in the Department of Defense (DoD) and in Congress to apprise them of this issue and request they take action to help our military better reflect “the face of America.” In 2019, we briefed the Congressional Hispanic Caucus on the absence of Hispanics in the upper ranks of the military. In January 2021, we provided a well-researched response to the Air Force’s 2020 Racial Disparity Review, which pointed out that the Air Force’s own data showed that Hispanics were far less represented in the upper ranks of the active-duty Air Force than their African American counterparts. We specifically requested that the Air Force conduct another review that did not just focus on African Americans but expanded its scope to address Hispanics.
While we never received a formal response to our request, the Air Force did follow up with a second review that included consideration of Hispanics. So, the HVLA thought that it was finally starting to make progress with the Air Force, if not with the DoD overall, in its mission to broaden the military’s diversity and inclusion programs to include Hispanics.
However, in January 2022, the Air Force announced a special program focused strictly on Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) to provide their Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) with greater opportunities to learn about Air Force career opportunities. The HVLA quickly contacted the Air Force to remind them, again, to not forget Hispanics. This led to a meeting in April 2022 with the under secretary of the Air Force, which in turn led to a two-day June meeting with the senior staff of the Air Force organization responsible for ROTC programs. We were assured that the Air Force took our concerns seriously and that they would broaden their programs to also include Hispanic Serving Institutions (HSIs).
“While Hispanics constitute about 18 percent of the US population and a comparable percentage of our military, Hispanics constitute only 8 percent of the officer corps and less than 3 percent of flag ranks.”
Apparently, the rest of the Air Force did not get the word because very soon thereafter, we learned about another Air Force initiative to provide HBCUs with $60 million in funding over five years to support science and technology education. This funding was provided through the DoD’s University Affiliated Research Center (UARC).
We met with the chief scientist of the Air Force in July 2022 to voice our concerns and ask if they were going to provide comparable programs for HSIs. We pointed out that while we recognize the continuing need to provide greater opportunities for African Americans, we are also keenly aware that we live in a constrained resource environment, and so providing funding for one group and not another is to discriminate against the other group. To date, we have received no satisfactory answer.
HVLA President Ricardo Aponte recently said: “The USAF and DoD’s actions on UARC clearly demonstrate that there is still much work to be done for our armed services to be more inclusive. The HVLA will be vigilant.”
From its inception, the HVLA has only wanted to provide Hispanics with a “fair shake” as compared to other minorities. However, it seems that we are the forgotten minority and that we will continue to be ignored if things do not change.
The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the position of Hispanic Executive or Guerrero Media.
Carlos E. “Charlie” Martinez was born in Havana, Cuba. He graduated from the University of Miami School of Engineering and retired from the Air Force Reserve after more than thirty-four years of combined active and reserve duty in a variety of assignments including aircraft pilot, missile test engineer, manpower officer, research scientist, and acquisition management officer positions. His last assignment was as mobilization assistant to the Air Force’s chief of warfighting integration.
